The social security system in Turkey has long ceased to be a mechanism for “welfare sharing” and has turned into a cold calculator that reaches into the pockets of workers. Although the 3600 additional indicator regulation, which has been discussed in the public debate, relieves a certain segment of civil servant retirees, the real wound of the system is the one suffered by SSK and Bağ-Kur retirees. Monthly Benefit Rates (ABR) and Adaptation crisis.
Reform 2008: Millions Poorer as They Work
Sistemin en sinsi kırılma noktası 2008 yılındaki sözde “reformdur”. Bu düzenlemeyle emekli maaşı hesaplama mantığı tamamen değişmiş, ABO oranları kademeli olarak %70’lerden %35-40’lara kadar geriletilmiştir.
- Pre-1999 Golden Age: İlk 5.000 gün için %60 olan oranla, 25 yıl çalışan birinin ABO’su %76’yı buluyordu.
- The Post-2008 Collapse: Her yıl için sadece %2 oran belirlenerek, 25 yıl çalışan birinin hakkı %50’ye hapsedildi.
- Welfare Share Extortion: Eskiden büyüme oranının (GSYH) %100’ü emekli maaşına yansırken, 2008’den sonra bu oran %30’a düşürüldü. Bu tablo, tam anlamıyla bir “çalıştıkça cezalandırma” mekanizmasıdır. Devlet, vatandaşına “ne kadar çok çalışırsan, o kadar az maaş alırsın” diyerek emeği değersizleştirmiş ve kayıt dışı istihdamı rasyonel bir tercih haline getirmiştir.
Adjustment and 3600: Fragmented Justice, Holistic Victimization
There are gaps between those who retired in different years with different ABO rates. The huge gap between two retirees with the same premium days, those who retired before 2000 and those who retired after 2008, awaits an urgent Adjustment Law.
The 3600 additional indicator introduced for civil servant retirees has created new class distinctions instead of ensuring justice. The difference in monthly salary between an in-scope retiree and an out-of-scope retiree 7.500 TL, and for bonuses 200.000 TL This difference is proof that the state has lost the characteristic of a “fair father”. The fact that those with the same level of education, who have worked their elbows in the same corridor, are so differentiated in retirement is a blow to public seriousness and trust.
State of Law or “State of Law”?
Turkey is a constitutional State of Law and is shaped solely according to budgetary needs. State of Law model. The rule of law is predictable; it protects the future plans that citizens make by paying premiums. However, the current ABO system and fragmented regulations undermine the principles of “generality” and “equality” of the constitutional system. This model, which prioritizes certain classes, brings with it the risk of moving away from the rule of law and returning to the rule of law model, and shakes the constitutional system to its roots.
Conclusion Revival of the Social Contract
Today, the pensioners“ objection is not just a complaint about their livelihood; it is a demand for the restoration of the broken social contract. Real social peace will not be possible until the pension rates are brought to a fair level, an Adjustment Law covering all pensioners is enacted and the system is based on ”law“ rather than ”law".
It should not be forgotten that the state is eternal only as long as it keeps justice alive.