{"id":286803,"date":"2026-06-21T15:12:11","date_gmt":"2026-06-21T15:12:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/?p=286803"},"modified":"2026-06-21T15:16:04","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T15:16:04","slug":"fasizmin-gostergeleri-ve-turkiye","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/fasizmin-gostergeleri-ve-turkiye\/","title":{"rendered":"Signs of Fascism and Turkey"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fa\u015fizm, TDK (2015) s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, \u2018demokratik d\u00fczenin yerine a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir ulus\u00e7uluk ve bask\u0131 d\u00fczeni kurmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan \u00f6\u011freti\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Georgi Dimitrov\u2019un tarifinde de \u2018Finans kapitalin en gerici, en \u015fovenist, en emperyalist unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ter\u00f6rc\u00fc diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r (Dimitrov, 1935). Kamuoyundaki yayg\u0131n tan\u0131ma g\u00f6re de, kapitalist \u00fcretim tarz\u0131nda, sermaye blokunun toplumsal tahakk\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn, kendini yeniden \u00fcretmesini sa\u011flayan devlet ayg\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n, a\u011f\u0131r krizler sonucunda bask\u0131c\u0131 karakterini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmesi ve a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan rejimlerin ortak ad\u0131, olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fa\u015fizm g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fi her tarihsel d\u00f6nemde ve \u00fclkede \u00e7e\u015fitli uygulamalar\u0131 hayata ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Bu konuda Siyaset bilimci Dr. Lawrence Britt, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc en tipik fa\u015fist rejimleri (Hitler\u2019in Almanya\u2019s\u0131, Mussolini\u2019nin \u0130talya\u2019s\u0131, Franco\u2019nun \u0130spanya\u2019s\u0131, Suharto\u2019nun Endonezya\u2019s\u0131, Pinochet\u2019nin \u015eili\u2019si) inceleyerek fa\u015fizmin 14 karakteristik \u00f6zelli\u011fini tespit etmi\u015f (bianet.org, 2015). Bu \u00f6zellikler ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bug\u00fcn\u00fcne ili\u015fkin de\u011ferlendirmelerimiz \u015fu \u015fekildedir;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-\u0130nsan haklar\u0131n\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanmas\u0131 ve hor g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bu konuda, yak\u0131n siyasal tarihe bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yarg\u0131s\u0131z infazlardan, faili me\u00e7hul cinayetlere; i\u015fkencelerden, g\u00f6zalt\u0131nda kaybetmelere; cinsellikle ilgili haklardan \u00e7evre ile ilgili haklara kadar geni\u015f ihlallerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fumuz ve bu ihlallerin \u00fclkede ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan kan\u0131ksand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edildi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Derne\u011finin \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc, durumun ne derece vahim oldu\u011funun en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-D\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\/g\u00fcnah ke\u00e7ilerinin birle\u015ftirici bir neden olarak tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dclkenin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tehdit eden d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in insanlar histerik kalabal\u0131klara kat\u0131l\u0131p sokaklara d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr; Bu d\u00fc\u015fman tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde \u0131rksal, etnik ya da dinsel az\u0131nl\u0131klar, liberaller, kom\u00fcnistler, sosyalistler, teroristler, vs. vard\u0131r. \u00dclkemiz, bu a\u00e7\u0131dan zengin deneyimlerle doludur.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-Ordunun ve militarizmin y\u00fcceltilmesi<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n yerel sorunlar oldu\u011funda bile, orduya h\u00fck\u00fcmet b\u00fct\u00e7esinden a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 miktarda pay verilir ve yerel g\u00fcndemler g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilir. Askerler ve ordu hizmetleri alabildi\u011fini y\u00fcceltilir. \u00dclkemizde son d\u00f6nemde MSB\/Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ihalelerinin limitlerinin y\u00fckseltilmesi ve bu ihalelerin, \u0130hale Yasas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 bu a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemlidir. Ayr\u0131ca polis te\u015fkilat\u0131na verilen \u00f6nem de militarizm anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-Kitle ileti\u015fim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kimi zaman medya h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frudan kontrol edilirken, di\u011fer durumlarda dolayl\u0131 olarak di\u011fer genelgeler, mevzuatlar, sempatik medya temsilcileri ya da y\u00f6neticileri taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edilir. Sans\u00fcr, \u00f6zellikle sava\u015f d\u00f6nemlerinde olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. AKP d\u00f6neminde olu\u015fturulan havuz medyas\u0131, sosyal medya trolleri ve ileti\u015fimin k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 kitle ileti\u015fim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n H\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kontrol edildi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-Ulusal g\u00fcvenlik tak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ulusal g\u00fcvenlik konusunda, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 tarihsel ko\u015fullar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak, iktidarlar taraf\u0131ndan bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnme paranoyas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp, tarihin bir milletler tarihi olarak alg\u0131lanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin bu kanaldan s\u00fcrekli beslenmesi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Beka tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da ulusal g\u00fcvenlik tak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine tuz biber ekmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-Din ve y\u00f6netimin i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mesi<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fa\u015fist ulus h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri, ulus i\u00e7indeki en yayg\u0131n dini, kamuoyunu manip\u00fcle etmek i\u00e7in bir ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131r. Bu durum \u00fclkemizde 12 Eyl\u00fcl darbesiyle \u201cT\u00fcrk-\u0130slam sentezi\u201d ideolojisi \u015feklinde hayat bulmu\u015f, son d\u00f6nemlerde de siyasal \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u201cS\u00fcnni \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k\u201d \u015feklinde revize edilmesiyle daha dar bir ve\u00e7heye b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-Cinsel ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015fahlan\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fa\u015fist uluslar\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri, neredeyse tamamen erkek-egemen olma e\u011filimindedir. Fa\u015fist rejimlerde, geleneksel cinsiyet rolleri daha kat\u0131 hale getirilmi\u015ftir. K\u00fcrtaj kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve homofobi had safhadad\u0131r. \u0130ktidar\u0131n, kad\u0131nlar\u0131, LGBT\u0130 bireyleri yok sayan anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 son d\u00f6nemde nefret boyutuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-\u00d6zel sermayenin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fa\u015fist uluslardaki sanayi ve i\u015f aristokrasisi, s\u0131kl\u0131kla h\u00fck\u00fcmet liderlerini iktidara getirenlerdir. Bunu h\u00fck\u00fcmetle i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131 aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kara dayal\u0131 bir ili\u015fki tesis ederek ve belli bir iktidar eliti yaratarak yapar. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin iktidara gelmesinden bu yana sermaye fraksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fik birle\u015fimlerinin iktidar oldu\u011fu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de egemenlik, hi\u00e7bir zaman emek\u00e7ilerin ve ezilenlerin eline ge\u00e7memi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-Emek g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fa\u015fist h\u00fck\u00fcmete kar\u015f\u0131 tek ger\u00e7ek tehdit eme\u011fin \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc g\u00fcc\u00fc oldu\u011fundan, i\u015f\u00e7i sendikalar\u0131 ya tamamen saf d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilir ya da \u015fiddetle bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r. Sendika yasalar\u0131ndaki k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar, grev yasaklamalar\u0131, ertelemeleri, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmenin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engeller emek g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc adeta hareket edemez hale getirmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-Su\u00e7 ve cezaland\u0131rma ile bask\u0131 alt\u0131na alma<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fa\u015fist rejimlerde, polislere kanunlar\u0131 zorla uygulamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in neredeyse s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir yetki verilir. \u0130\u00e7 g\u00fcvenlik yasas\u0131 ve sulh ceza h\u00e2kimlikleri bu konuda gelinen son noktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n ve sanat\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenmesi<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fa\u015fist uluslar, y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim ve akademiye kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k bir d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckler ve te\u015fvik eder. Profes\u00f6rlerin ve di\u011fer akademisyenlerin sans\u00fcre u\u011framas\u0131, hatta tutuklanmas\u0131 yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Sanatta ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a sald\u0131r\u0131 alt\u0131ndad\u0131r ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetler genellikle sanata b\u00fct\u00e7e ay\u0131rmay\u0131 reddeder. Tutuklanan akademisyenlere, y\u00f6neticiler taraf\u0131ndan heykellerin \u201cucube\u201d olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesine ve \u201ci\u00e7ine t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fclen\u201d sanat eserlerine yak\u0131n zamanda \u015fahit olduk.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-Adam kay\u0131rma ve yozla\u015fmada s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131mama<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fa\u015fist rejimler neredeyse her zaman, y\u00f6netim kadrolar\u0131na birbirini atayarak h\u00fck\u00fcmetin g\u00fc\u00e7 ve otoritesini onlar\u0131 hesap vermekten korumak i\u00e7in kullanan bir grup ahbap ile m\u00fcttefikleri taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir. Ulusal kaynaklar\u0131n ve hatta hazinenin tahsisi ya da bunlar\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmet liderleri taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde gasp\u0131, fa\u015fist rejimlerde rastlanmayan bir olgu de\u011fildir. AKP h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin personel politikalar\u0131 bu duruma g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rnektir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-Hileli se\u00e7imler<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fa\u015fist uluslardaki se\u00e7imler bazen tamamen g\u00f6z boyama ama\u00e7l\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. Di\u011fer zamanlarda ise se\u00e7imler, \u00e7amur atma kampanyalar\u0131, hatta muhalefet adaylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, se\u00e7men oylar\u0131n\u0131n ve se\u00e7im b\u00f6lgelerinin kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in yasama kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n alet edilmesi ve medya manip\u00fclasyonu g\u00f6lgesinde yap\u0131l\u0131r. Fa\u015fist uluslar, tipik olarak kendi yarg\u0131 sistemini se\u00e7imleri manip\u00fcle ya da kontrol etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131r. M\u00fch\u00fcrs\u00fcz oylar\u0131n ge\u00e7erli say\u0131lmas\u0131ndan tutun da bir zarftan \u00e7\u0131kan oylar\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7erli, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ersiz olmas\u0131 gibi \u00f6rnekler hileli se\u00e7imlere \u00f6rnektir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

-G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve s\u00fcrekli milliyet\u00e7ilik<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fa\u015fist rejimler, s\u00fcrekli olarak vatansever \u015fiarlar, sloganlar, semboller, mar\u015flar ve di\u011fer \u015feyleri kullanma e\u011filimindedir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan da \u00fclkemiz zengin deneyimlerle doludur.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130rdelemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z fa\u015fizm tan\u0131m\u0131 ve fa\u015fizmin g\u00f6stergeleri \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fclkemizin fa\u015fizmin g\u00f6stergelerinden bir\u00e7o\u011funa sahip oldu\u011funu ifade edebiliriz.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sources<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bianet.org (2014) Fa\u015fizmin 14 Karakteristik \u00d6zelli\u011fi. http:\/\/bianet.org\/bianet\/toplum\/95463-ozde-fasizmin-14-temel-ozelligi<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dimitrov, G. (1935). Fa\u015fizme Kar\u015f\u0131 Birle\u015fik Cephe. http:\/\/kutuphane.halkcephesi.net\/dimitrov\/Fasizme%20karsi%20birlesik%20cephe\/komintern%207ci%20kongre%20de%20rapor.htm<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

TDK, (2015) http:\/\/tdk.gov.tr\/index.php?option=com_gts&arama=gts&guid=TDK.GTS.55ba1ebe3f43f1.34221672<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fa\u015fizm, TDK (2015) s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, \u2018demokratik d\u00fczenin yerine a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir ulus\u00e7uluk ve bask\u0131 d\u00fczeni kurmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan \u00f6\u011freti\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Georgi Dimitrov\u2019un tarifinde de \u2018Finans kapitalin en gerici, en \u015fovenist, en emperyalist unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ter\u00f6rc\u00fc diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r (Dimitrov, 1935). Kamuoyundaki yayg\u0131n tan\u0131ma g\u00f6re de, kapitalist \u00fcretim tarz\u0131nda, sermaye blokunun toplumsal tahakk\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn, kendini yeniden \u00fcretmesini sa\u011flayan devlet […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":286806,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[286],"tags":[15,78,288],"class_list":["post-286803","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-yazarlar","tag-chp","tag-kemal-kilicdaroglu","tag-ozgur-ozel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/286803","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=286803"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/286803\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":286805,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/286803\/revisions\/286805"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/286806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=286803"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=286803"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=286803"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}