Demokrasi ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler \u00fczerine konu\u015furken \u00e7o\u011fu zaman bunlar\u0131 do\u011fal haklar gibi ele al\u0131yoruz. Oysa insanl\u0131k tarihine biraz uzaktan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bunun hi\u00e7 de do\u011fal olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc; krall\u0131klar, imparatorluklar, derebeylikler, teokrasiler ve otoriter y\u00f6netimler alt\u0131nda ge\u00e7ti. Demokrasi, tarihin normali de\u011fil; istisnas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Eski Yunan\u2019da do\u011fan ilk demokrasi deneyimleri bile bug\u00fcnk\u00fc anlamda demokratik de\u011fildi. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, k\u00f6lelerin ve yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n s\u00f6z hakk\u0131 yoktu. Magna Carta\u2019dan Frans\u0131z Devrimi\u2019ne, Amerikan Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Bildirgesi\u2019nden evrensel oy hakk\u0131na kadar uzanan s\u00fcre\u00e7, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ad\u0131m ad\u0131m ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bedeller \u00f6deyerek kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n
Fakat burada temel soru \u015fudur: \u0130nsan ger\u00e7ekten \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck isteyen bir varl\u0131k m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n
Bu soruya verilecek cevap san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar basit de\u011fildir. \u0130nsan do\u011fas\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik ile \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck aras\u0131nda s\u00fcrekli gidip gelir. Tehlike hissetti\u011finde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir otorite arar. Belirsizlik artt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda karar verme y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015fkalar\u0131na devretmeye meyleder. Bu y\u00fczden tarih boyunca \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadeleleri kadar \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerden g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7i\u015f \u00f6rnekleri de g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Demokrasinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck paradoksu da burada ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Demokrasi yaln\u0131zca se\u00e7im yapmak de\u011fildir. Demokrasi, ho\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin de konu\u015fulabilmesine tahamm\u00fcl etmektir. Kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcz kadar kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn de var olma hakk\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmektir. \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sadece kendiniz i\u00e7in de\u011fil, rakibiniz i\u00e7in de istemektir.<\/p>\n
Peki \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 var m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n
Elbette vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yok etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde s\u0131n\u0131rla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. Hukukun temel g\u00f6revi de bu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 belirlemektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olan\u0131n zay\u0131f\u0131 ezdi\u011fi bir kaosa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z devlet g\u00fcc\u00fc de \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bo\u011fan bir tahakk\u00fcme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir. Medeniyet dedi\u011fimiz \u015fey, i\u015fte bu iki u\u00e7 aras\u0131nda kurulan hassas dengedir.<\/p>\n
Bug\u00fcn demokrasilerin kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu tehlike tanklar ya da darbeler kadar g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr de\u011fildir. Daha sinsi bir tehlike vard\u0131r: Kendi fikrinden olmayan\u0131 susturma arzusu. Sosyal medyada, siyasette, akademide ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta giderek artan tahamm\u00fcls\u00fczl\u00fck, demokrasinin temelini a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc demokrasiler \u00f6nce kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini kaybederek zay\u0131flar.<\/p>\n
Demokrasi sand\u0131kla kurulur ama yaln\u0131zca sand\u0131kla ya\u015famaz. Onu ya\u015fatan; hukuka sayg\u0131, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00e7o\u011fulculuk ve farkl\u0131 fikirlere g\u00f6sterilen tahamm\u00fcld\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7 olarak demokrasi kusursuz bir sistem de\u011fildir. Belki de insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n buldu\u011fu en kusurlu ama en adil sistemdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc demokrasi, insan\u0131n melek oldu\u011funu varsaymaz; hata yapabilece\u011fini kabul eder. Bu nedenle g\u00fcc\u00fc tek elde toplamak yerine da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r, denetler ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Demokrasiye sahip \u00e7\u0131kmak, yaln\u0131zca kendi sesimizi korumak de\u011fildir. Bir g\u00fcn ihtiya\u00e7 duyabilece\u011fimiz kar\u015f\u0131 sesin de ya\u015fama hakk\u0131n\u0131 savunmakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ger\u00e7ek testi, bize benzeyenlerin de\u011fil, bizden farkl\u0131 olanlar\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 savunabildi\u011fimiz g\u00fcn ba\u015flar.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Demokrasi ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler \u00fczerine konu\u015furken \u00e7o\u011fu zaman bunlar\u0131 do\u011fal haklar gibi ele al\u0131yoruz. Oysa insanl\u0131k tarihine biraz uzaktan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bunun hi\u00e7 de do\u011fal olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc; krall\u0131klar, imparatorluklar, derebeylikler, teokrasiler ve otoriter y\u00f6netimler alt\u0131nda ge\u00e7ti. Demokrasi, tarihin normali de\u011fil; istisnas\u0131d\u0131r. Eski Yunan\u2019da do\u011fan ilk demokrasi deneyimleri bile bug\u00fcnk\u00fc anlamda demokratik de\u011fildi. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, k\u00f6lelerin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[286],"tags":[15,78,288],"class_list":["post-286748","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-yazarlar","tag-chp","tag-kemal-kilicdaroglu","tag-ozgur-ozel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/286748","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=286748"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/286748\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":286749,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/286748\/revisions\/286749"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=286748"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=286748"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=286748"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}