T\u00fcrkiye, bu y\u0131l d\u00fczenledi\u011fi silah fuar\u0131nda \u2018Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mhan\u2019 isimli 6000 km\u2019den fazla menzile sahip k\u0131talararas\u0131 bir balistik f\u00fczeyi tan\u0131tt\u0131. Dahas\u0131 maketi kamuoyuna sunuldu. B\u00f6ylelikle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin uzun menzilli balistik f\u00fcze \u00fcreten \u00fclkeler kategorisine girdi\u011fi ve k\u00fcresel dengeleri belirleyen g\u00fc\u00e7ler aras\u0131nda dahil oldu\u011fu gibi \u00e7ok fazla yorum ve analiz yap\u0131ld\u0131.
\nSavunma Bakan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klama dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan her ne kadar Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131mhan\u2019 isimli f\u00fczenin \u00f6zellikleri s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015fsa da dil hem \u00e7ok temkinli hem de ciddi bir kararl\u0131l\u0131kla uzun menzilli balistik f\u00fczenin \u00fcretildi\u011fi iddias\u0131nda bulunulmad\u0131.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fc\u00e7 olmak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan orta menzilli balistik f\u00fcze \u00fcretildi\u011fine dair bug\u00fcne kadar hi\u00e7 bir a\u00e7\u0131klama gelmemi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bir andan k\u0131talararas\u0131 uzun menzilli balistik f\u00fcze maketinin g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 do\u011fal olarak ku\u015fkulara yol a\u00e7t\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u0131talararas\u0131 balistik f\u00fcze \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek askeri teknolojinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u0131talararas\u0131 bu f\u00fczelerin \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden biri de n\u00fckleer ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n tak\u0131labilmesidir.<\/p>\n
Balistik F\u00fczelerin \u00d6zellikleri <\/strong><\/p>\n D\u00fcnyada k\u0131sa, orta ve uzun menzilli balistik f\u00fczelere sahip 31 \u00fclke bulunuyor. Bu \u00fclkelerden orta ve uzun menzilli balistik f\u00fczelere sahip olanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. 31 devletten sadece dokuzunun (\u00c7in, Fransa, Hindistan, \u0130srail, Kuzey Kore, Pakistan, Rusya, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k ve ABD) n\u00fckleer silahlara sahiptir.<\/p>\n Balistik f\u00fcze savunmas\u0131, n\u00fckleer veya n\u00fckleer olmayan k\u0131talararas\u0131 balistik f\u00fczelere kar\u015f\u0131 koymak i\u00e7in konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131labilen bir f\u00fczedir. Ancak balistik f\u00fcze sadece savunma de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda sald\u0131r\u0131 f\u00fczesi olarak da s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. K\u0131sa ve Orta menzilli\u011fi balistik f\u00fczelerin Ukrayna-Rusya ve ABD\/\u0130srail-\u0130ran sava\u015f\u0131nda savunma ve sald\u0131r\u0131 silah\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n Balistik f\u00fczeler ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta roketlerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, ancak daha sonra hedeflerine do\u011fru motorsuz, serbest d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f y\u00f6r\u00fcngesini izlerler. F\u00fczeler, gidebilecekleri maksimum mesafeye g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu mesafe, f\u00fczenin motorlar\u0131n\u0131n (roketlerinin) ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011funa ve f\u00fczenin y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bir f\u00fczenin menziline daha fazla mesafe eklemek i\u00e7in, roketler a\u015famaland\u0131rma olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir konfig\u00fcrasyonda \u00fcst \u00fcste istiflenir. Balistik f\u00fczelerin d\u00f6rt genel s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u2022 K\u0131sa menzilli balistik f\u00fczeler\u00a0:1.000 kilometreden daha az yol kat eder.<\/p>\n \u2022 Orta menzilli balistik f\u00fczeler\u00a0: 1.000-3.000 kilometre aras\u0131nda yol kat eder.<\/p>\n \u2022 Ara menzilli balistik f\u00fczeler,\u00a0: 3.000-5.500 kilometre aras\u0131nda yol kat eder.<\/p>\n \u2022 Uzun menzilli balistik f\u00fczeler\u00a0: 5.500 kilometreden fazla yol kat eden k\u0131talararas\u0131 balistik f\u00fczeler (ICBM’ler).<\/p>\n K\u0131sa ve orta menzilli balistik f\u00fczeler, hareket alan\u0131 k\u0131sa balistik f\u00fczeleri olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken, ICBM’ler veya uzun menzilli balistik f\u00fczeler stratejik balistik f\u00fczeler olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. F\u00fczeler genellikle yak\u0131t t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r: s\u0131v\u0131 veya kat\u0131 iticiler. Kat\u0131 yak\u0131tl\u0131 f\u00fczeler, s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131tl\u0131 f\u00fczelere g\u00f6re daha az bak\u0131m ve haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u00fcresi gerektirir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kat\u0131 iticilerde yak\u0131t ve oksitleyici bir aradad\u0131r, oysa s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131tl\u0131 f\u00fczelerde ikisi konu\u015fland\u0131rmadan hemen \u00f6ncesine kadar ayr\u0131 tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Balistik f\u00fczelerin f\u0131rlat\u0131lmas\u0131nda yak\u0131t son derece \u00f6nemli bir i\u015fleve sahiptir. Bu yak\u0131t\u0131n \u00fcretilmeside y\u00fcksek askeri teknolojiyi getirir. \u0130ran gibi \u00fclkeler balistik f\u00fcze yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 Rusya, \u00c7in ve Kuzey Kore\u2019de kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi.<\/p>\n Orta ve Uzun Menzilli Balistik f\u00fczelerin aktif olan \u00fclkeler<\/strong><\/p>\n D\u00fcnya\u2019da orta ve uzun menzilli balistik f\u00fczelere sahip olan \u00fclkeler s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130ran, M\u0131s\u0131r, Suudi Arabistan, G\u00fcney Kore gibi \u00fclkeler orta menzilli balistik f\u00fczelere sahiptirler. \u00d6zellikle n\u00fckleer silahlara sahip \u00fclkeler ayn\u0131 zamanda k\u0131talararas\u0131 balistik f\u00fczelere sahip oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Tablo-1\u00a0: Orta ve Uzun Menzilli Balistik F\u00fczelere Sahip \u00dclkeler<\/strong><\/p>\n