{"id":284436,"date":"2026-03-30T05:16:36","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T05:16:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/?p=284436"},"modified":"2026-03-30T05:16:36","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T05:16:36","slug":"series-2-9-the-construction-of-historical-context-and-the-long-wave-of-social-transformations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/series-2-9-the-construction-of-historical-context-and-the-long-wave-of-social-transformations\/","title":{"rendered":"Series 2\/9: The Construction of Historical Context and the Long Wave of Social Transformations"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Toplumsal m\u00fccadeleleri, siyasal hareketleri ve bireysel deneyimleri anlamak i\u00e7in \u00f6nce i\u00e7inde bulunulan tarihsel ba\u011flam\u0131n bilimsel olarak kurulmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu ba\u011flam, yaln\u0131zca belirli bir d\u00f6nemin olaylar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda o d\u00f6nemi \u015fekillendiren uzun s\u00fcreli ekonomik, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve siyasal s\u00fcre\u00e7leri i\u00e7erir. Bu nedenle tarihsel ba\u011flam, bir \u201cArka Plan\u201d de\u011fil, toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlerin as\u0131l belirleyici zeminidir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar uzanan toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmleri, ku\u015faklar aras\u0131 m\u00fccadeleleri ve siyasal atmosferi akademik bir \u00e7er\u00e7evede ele al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n \u0130kinci Yar\u0131s\u0131. Modernle\u015fme, Sanayile\u015fme ve Toplumsal Hareketlerin Y\u00fckseli\u015fi, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nem, d\u00fcnya genelinde h\u0131zl\u0131 bir modernle\u015fme ve sanayile\u015fme s\u00fcrecine sahne oldu. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, toplumsal yap\u0131y\u0131 k\u00f6kten de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>K\u0131rsaldan kente g\u00f6\u00e7 h\u0131zland\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Sanayi i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi geni\u015fledi.<\/li>\n<li>E\u011fitim olanaklar\u0131 artt\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Yeni s\u0131n\u0131fsal konumlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Siyasal bilin\u00e7lenme y\u00fckseldi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede yeni toplumsal hareketlerin do\u011fmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlad\u0131. Bu hareketler, yaln\u0131zca ekonomik taleplerle de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve siyasal taleplerle de \u015fekillendi.<\/p>\n<p>1960\u20131980 D\u00f6nemi. K\u00fcresel Siyasal \u00c7alkant\u0131lar ve Yeni Ku\u015faklar\u0131n Radikalle\u015fmesi. Bu d\u00f6nem, d\u00fcnya genelinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir siyasal dalgalanman\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdir. Akademik literat\u00fcrde \u201cK\u00fcresel 68 Dalgas\u0131\u201d olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemin belirleyici \u00f6zellikleri.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00d6\u011frenci hareketlerinin y\u00fckseli\u015fi<\/li>\n<li>\u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 grevlerinin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Anti\u2011S\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci m\u00fccadelelerin g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi<\/li>\n<li>K\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck taleplerinin artmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Devlet bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede yeni bir siyasal ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu ku\u015fak, hem toplumsal e\u015fitsizliklere hemde siyasal otoriterli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir duyarl\u0131l\u0131k geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n<p>1980\u20132000 D\u00f6nemi. Neoliberal D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve Toplumsal Yap\u0131n\u0131n Yeniden \u015eekillenmesi. 1980\u2019lerden itibaren d\u00fcnya genelinde neoliberal politikalar uygulanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Bu politikalar, toplumsal yap\u0131y\u0131 derinden etkiledi.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Devletin ekonomideki rol\u00fc azalt\u0131ld\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Kamu hizmetleri \u00f6zelle\u015ftirildi<\/li>\n<li>Sendikalar zay\u0131flat\u0131ld\u0131<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fcvencesiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bi\u00e7imleri yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Gelir e\u015fitsizli\u011fi artt\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu d\u00f6nem, toplumsal m\u00fccadelelerin bi\u00e7imini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Kolektif \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeler zay\u0131flarken, bireysel direni\u015f bi\u00e7imleri \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>2000 Sonras\u0131. Dijitalle\u015fme, K\u00fcreselle\u015fme ve Yeni Toplumsal Hareketler 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren d\u00fcnya, dijitalle\u015fme ve k\u00fcreselle\u015fme s\u00fcre\u00e7leriyle yeniden \u015fekillendi. Bu d\u00f6nemin belirleyici \u00f6zellikleri.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130nternetin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Sosyal medyan\u0131n siyasal alana girmesi<\/li>\n<li>Dijital emek bi\u00e7imlerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Gen\u00e7 ku\u015faklar\u0131n yeni \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme modelleri geli\u015ftirmesi<\/li>\n<li>Kimlik temelli hareketlerin y\u00fckseli\u015fi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, toplumsal m\u00fccadelelerin hem ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 hemde hedeflerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n<p>Ku\u015faklar Aras\u0131 M\u00fccadele. S\u00fcreklilik ve Kopu\u015fun Birlikte varolu\u015fu Tarihsel ba\u011flam, ku\u015faklar aras\u0131 m\u00fccadelelerin nas\u0131l \u015fekillendi\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6nemdedir.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00fcreklilik:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u0131n\u0131fsal e\u015fitsizlikler devam eder<\/li>\n<li>Toplumsal adalet talepleri s\u00fcrer<\/li>\n<li>Kolektif haf\u0131za yeni ku\u015faklara aktar\u0131l\u0131r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kopu\u015f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Her ku\u015fak kendi ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yarat\u0131r<\/li>\n<li>M\u00fccadele bi\u00e7imleri de\u011fi\u015fir<\/li>\n<li>Siyasal duyarl\u0131l\u0131klar d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.\n<p>Bu nedenle devrimci m\u00fccadele, hem bir devaml\u0131l\u0131k zinciri hem de her ku\u015fakta yeniden do\u011fan bir yenilik alan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Bireysel Deneyimin Tarihsel Ba\u011flama Yerle\u015fmesi<\/h3>\n<p>Bu teorik ve tarihsel \u00e7er\u00e7eve, bireysel ya\u015fam \u00e7izgilerinin nas\u0131l anlam kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Bir bireyin: Neden belirli bir d\u00f6nemde radikalle\u015fti\u011fi, Neden belirli m\u00fccadele bi\u00e7imlerine y\u00f6neldi\u011fi, Hangi toplumsal ko\u015fullar taraf\u0131ndan \u015fekillendi\u011fi, hangi ku\u015fak dalgas\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011fu ancak bu ba\u011flam i\u00e7inde anla\u015f\u0131labilir. Bu, senin kendi ya\u015fam \u00e7izgini de bilimsel bir zemine oturtmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayacak.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Revolutionary struggle is both a chain of continuity and a field of innovation reborn in each generation.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":284439,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[286],"tags":[289],"class_list":{"0":"post-284436","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-yazarlar","8":"tag-manset"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=284436"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284436\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":284441,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284436\/revisions\/284441"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/284439"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=284436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=284436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=284436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}