Kubilay\u2019\u0131n Menemen\u2019de \u015fehit edilmesi, T\u00fcrkiye siyasal tarihinde \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u201cerken Cumhuriyet\u2019in talihsiz bir olay\u0131\u201d olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. Oysa bu yakla\u015f\u0131m hem eksiktir hem yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Menemen, m\u00fcnferit bir cinnet hali de\u011fil; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de gericili\u011fin Cumhuriyet\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 verdi\u011fi s\u00fcreklilik arz eden m\u00fccadelenin simgesel e\u015fiklerinden biridir. Bu e\u015fik, yaln\u0131zca 1930\u2019a de\u011fil, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131na ve bug\u00fcne uzan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Gericilik, Cumhuriyet\u2019in \u00fcretti\u011fi bir tepki de\u011fildir. Cumhuriyet\u2019in kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki tarihsel g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye siyasal tarihinde gericilik \u00e7o\u011fu zaman Cumhuriyet sonras\u0131 bir \u201ctepki\u201d olarak anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Oysa Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck engellerden biri, i\u015fgal ordular\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ve belki onlardan daha y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde, i\u00e7eride \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen gerici ayaklanmalard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bu nokta \u00f6zellikle vurgulanmal\u0131d\u0131r:
\nAnadolu\u2019da Milli M\u00fccadele, yaln\u0131zca emperyalist i\u015fgale kar\u015f\u0131 verilmi\u015f bir sava\u015f de\u011fildir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda hilafet\u00e7i, saltanat\u00e7\u0131 ve din ad\u0131na siyaset yapan gerici odaklara kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir i\u00e7 sava\u015f niteli\u011fi de ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
D\u00fczce, Bolu, Hendek ayaklanmalar\u0131\u2026
\nKonya\u2019daki Deliba\u015f isyan\u0131\u2026
\nYozgat\u2019ta \u00c7apano\u011fullar\u0131 kalk\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u2026
\nAnzavur isyanlar\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n
Bu kalk\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ortak paydas\u0131 nettir: Hepsi \u0130stanbul\u2019daki saray ve i\u015fgal g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle ideolojik ya da fiil\u00ee ba\u011flar kurmu\u015f; hepsi \u201cdin elden gidiyor\u201d s\u00f6ylemiyle Anadolu halk\u0131n\u0131 Ankara\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fetvalar da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Kuvay\u0131 Milliye askerleri \u201casi\u201d ilan edilmi\u015f, Mustafa Kemal ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 \u201chalifeye isyan edenler\u201d olarak yaftalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Burada gericili\u011fin tarihsel karakteri b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar:<\/p>\n
Gericilik, i\u015fgal kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda direni\u015fi de\u011fil; d\u00fczenin devam\u0131n\u0131, yani kendi ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrmesini savunur. Bu y\u00fczden emperyalizmle \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaz; onunla uzla\u015f\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc gericili\u011fin as\u0131l d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki i\u015fgalci de\u011fil, i\u00e7erideki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ak\u0131ld\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn en b\u00fcy\u00fck tarihsel ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131, yaln\u0131zca Yunan ordusunu Anadolu\u2019dan atmak de\u011fil; bu gerici isyanlar\u0131 bast\u0131rarak siyasal egemenli\u011fi kutsal otoriteden al\u0131p millete devretmesidir. TBMM\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, saltanat\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve nihayet Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilan\u0131, bu i\u00e7 direncin k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015ftur.
\nBu nedenle Cumhuriyet, bir \u201cdo\u011fal evrim\u201d de\u011fil; gericili\u011fe ra\u011fmen kurulmu\u015f bir rejimdir.<\/p>\n
Bu tarihsel arka plan olmadan Kubilay\u2019\u0131 anlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Menemen\u2019de Kubilay\u2019\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kesilmesi, bireysel bir vah\u015fet de\u011fil; Cumhuriyet\u2019in akl\u0131na y\u00f6nelmi\u015f sembolik bir infazd\u0131r. \u201c\u015eeriat isteriz\u201d slogan\u0131, bir inan\u00e7 talebi de\u011fil; a\u00e7\u0131k bir rejim reddiyesidir.<\/p>\n
Gericilik burada da ayn\u0131 refleksi g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir:
\nAkla kar\u015f\u0131 kutsal\u0131,
\nhukuka kar\u015f\u0131 itaati,<\/p>\n
Cumhuriyet\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 tebaay\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur.
\nCumhuriyet\u2019in ilk d\u00f6neminde bu tehdit a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde te\u015fhis edilmi\u015f ve bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o g\u00fcnk\u00fc siyasal ak\u0131l \u015funu biliyordu:
\nGericilikle uzla\u015f\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n
Bug\u00fcn ise sorun daha karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. Gericilik bi\u00e7im de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015ftir ama geri \u00e7ekilmemi\u015ftir. Art\u0131k silahl\u0131 ayaklanmalarla de\u011fil; kurumlar\u0131 i\u00e7erden a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rarak, e\u011fitimi dinselle\u015ftirerek, hukuku kutsalla\u015ft\u0131rarak, laikli\u011fi \u201crahats\u0131z edici\u201d ve \u201cfazlal\u0131k\u201d bir ilke gibi sunarak ilerlemektedir.<\/p>\n
Laiklik bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te bir m\u00fccadele ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, sembolik bir hat\u0131rlatma d\u00fczeyine indirgenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi\u2019nin bu noktadaki tutumu, basit bir strateji hatas\u0131 de\u011fil; ideolojik bir geri \u00e7ekilmedir. CHP, laikli\u011fi savunmay\u0131 bir \u201ctoplumsal risk\u201d olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fck\u00e7e, gericili\u011fin hegemonya kurmas\u0131na alan a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. \u0130nan\u00e7 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile siyasal din aras\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131m\u0131 net bi\u00e7imde koyamayan bu tutum, laikli\u011fi korumak yerine onu s\u00fcrekli \u00f6z\u00fcr diler bir konuma itmektedir.<\/p>\n
Burada ya\u015fanan, klasik anlamda bir \u201ckar\u015f\u0131-devrim\u201d de\u011fil; hegemonik bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmedir. Gericilik zor yoluyla de\u011fil, r\u0131za \u00fcreterek ilerlemekte; laikli\u011fi hukuki bir ilke olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir tercih seviyesine indirgemektedir. Bu durum, Cumhuriyet\u2019in kurucu paradigmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi anlam\u0131na gelir. Gramsci\u2019nin ifadesiyle, eski d\u00fczen \u00f6lmekte, yenisi do\u011famamakta; bu aral\u0131kta gericilik \u201cdo\u011fal\u201d ve \u201cmakul\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir.)<\/p>\n
Bu noktada suskunluk tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k de\u011fildir. Cumhuriyet ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revi, iktidar\u0131n diline uyum sa\u011flamak de\u011fil; iktidar\u0131n kutsalla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar\u0131 sorgulamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
CHP\u2019nin g\u00f6revi ise laikli\u011fi bir ileti\u015fim ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fil, bir rejim meselesi olarak savunmakt\u0131r. Laikli\u011fi savunmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nan bir muhalefet, gericili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil; onun geni\u015fleme alan\u0131nda konumlanm\u0131\u015f olur. Bu, tarihsel bir misyon kayb\u0131d\u0131r.)<\/p>\n
Oysa tarih son derece nettir:
\nLaiklik savunulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda toplum rahatlamaz; gericilik ilerler.
\nDevlet geri \u00e7ekildi\u011finde bo\u015fluk olu\u015fmaz; dogma dolar.<\/p>\n
Kubilay\u2019\u0131n \u015fehadeti, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndaki gerici ayaklanmalarla ayn\u0131 tarihsel zincirin halkas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu zincir kopmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yaln\u0131zca y\u00f6ntem de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bug\u00fcn ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sorunlar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131, bu dersin bilinmemesinden de\u011fil; bilindi\u011fi h\u00e2lde siyasal konfor u\u011fruna uygulanmamas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.
\nCumhuriyet yaln\u0131zca kazan\u0131lmaz; korunur.
\nLaiklik yaln\u0131zca ilan edilmez; savunulur.
\nGericilik ise yok say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda zay\u0131flamaz; me\u015frula\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kubilay\u2019dan Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na, oradan bug\u00fcne uzanan \u00e7izgi bize tek bir \u015fey s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor:<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de gelecek, h\u00e2l\u00e2 gericili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 verilecek siyasal ve zihinsel m\u00fccadelenin sonucuna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.
\nBu bir nostalji meselesi de\u011fil; gelecek meselesidir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de gelecek, h\u00e2l\u00e2 gericili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 verilecek siyasal ve zihinsel m\u00fccadelenin sonucuna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.
\nBu bir nostalji meselesi de\u011fil; gelecek meselesidir.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[286],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-280606","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-yazarlar"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/280606","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=280606"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/280606\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":280608,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/280606\/revisions\/280608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=280606"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=280606"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=280606"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}