T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti, T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve T\u00fcrk kimli\u011fi ekseninde bir ulus-devlet olarak in\u015fa edilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tercih, etnik bir \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck iddias\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fil; imparatorluk bakiyesinden kalan \u00e7ok par\u00e7al\u0131 bir toplumu ortak bir siyasal aidiyet etraf\u0131nda birle\u015ftirme zorunlulu\u011funun sonucudur. Cumhuriyet, etnik ve dinsel cemaatleri siyasal \u00f6zne haline getiren Osmanl\u0131 d\u00fczeninin devam\u0131 de\u011fil; ortak dil, ortak k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve ortak yurtta\u015fl\u0131k temelinde yeni bir siyasal birlik kurma iradesidir.<\/p>\n
Bu iradenin hukuki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r: T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti\u2019ne vatanda\u015fl\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131 ile ba\u011fl\u0131 olan herkes T\u00fcrk\u2019t\u00fcr. Buradaki \u201cT\u00fcrk\u201d tan\u0131m\u0131, etnik de\u011fil; siyasal ve hukuki bir tan\u0131md\u0131r. Kan ba\u011f\u0131na de\u011fil, vatanda\u015fl\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131na dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde bir ki\u015finin K\u00fcrt, Zaza, Laz, G\u00fcrc\u00fc, Arap, Ermeni ya da ba\u015fka bir k\u00f6kenden gelmesi, onun d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131na veya \u00f6tekile\u015ftirilmesine yol a\u00e7maz. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde bu kimlikler, ki\u015fiye devlette g\u00f6rev alma hakk\u0131 da sa\u011flamaz. Devlette g\u00f6rev alanlar, etnik ya da dinsel kimlikleri sebebiyle de\u011fil; T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti\u2019ne aidiyet ba\u011flar\u0131yla ba\u011fl\u0131 olduklar\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in bu g\u00f6revlere getirilirler. Son d\u00f6nemde devlet g\u00f6revlilerinin etnik kimlikleriyle an\u0131lmas\u0131, iyi niyetli g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de Cumhuriyet\u2019in ulus-devlet mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fen bir etnikle\u015ftirme i\u00e7erir. \u201cBakan K\u00fcrt\u201d, \u201cCumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Zaza\u201d gibi ifadeler, fark\u0131nda olmadan devleti etnik kimliklerin toplam\u0131 gibi sunar. Oysa T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir ki\u015fi, K\u00fcrt oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de\u011fil; T\u00fcrk oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in devletin her kademesinde g\u00f6rev alabilir.<\/p>\n E\u011fer bir yurtta\u015f devlette \u201cK\u00fcrt oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in\u201d, \u201cArap oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in\u201d veya dinsel\/mezhepsel\/cemaatsal kimlik sebebiyle g\u00f6rev al\u0131yorsa, bu ulus-devlet de\u011fil, etnik\/dinsel kota rejimi<\/strong> olur. E\u011fer \u201cK\u00fcrt\/Arap\/Cemaat\u00e7i olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen\u201d g\u00f6rev al\u0131yorsa, bu da ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n dolayl\u0131 kabul\u00fc anlam\u0131na gelir. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin iddias\u0131 nettir: Etnik kimlik\/ Dinsel kimlik, devlete giri\u015fte ne engeldir ne de bir referanst\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu noktada Avrupa \u00f6rnekleriyle yap\u0131lan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar da dikkatle ele al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hollanda\u2019da K\u00fcrt k\u00f6kenli bir siyaset\u00e7inin bakan olmas\u0131, etnik temsile dayal\u0131 bir kimlik siyasetinin sonucu de\u011fildir. Dilan Ye\u015filg\u00f6z, bir K\u00fcrt oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de\u011fil; iyi bir Hollanda yurtta\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu, Hollanda devletinin menfaatlerini savundu\u011fu ve Hollanda siyasal sistemine sadakatle entegre oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu g\u00f6revi \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir. Onun etnik k\u00f6keni siyasal me\u015fruiyetinin kayna\u011f\u0131 de\u011fil, ki\u015fisel ge\u00e7mi\u015finin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cAvrupa\u2019da K\u00fcrtler K\u00fcrt olarak bakan oluyor\u201d \u015feklindeki okuma, Avrupa\u2019daki yurtta\u015fl\u0131k ve devlet mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 bilmemek demektir.<\/p>\n Nitekim Fransa Anayasa Konseyi de bu ayr\u0131m\u0131 anayasal d\u00fczeyde a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Konsey, \u201cKorsika halk\u0131\u201d ifadesinin Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa h\u00fckmederek, Frans\u0131z Devleti\u2019nin tek bir \u201cFrans\u0131z Halk\u0131\u201d tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Karar, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ile siyasal egemenli\u011fin etnik temelde payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7izgiyi net bi\u00e7imde ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Devlet, yurtta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131r; ancak egemenli\u011fi etnik topluluklar aras\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131rmaz.<\/p>\n Tarihsel tecr\u00fcbe bu konuda a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Etnik ve dinsel kimlikler \u00fczerinden siyasal alan\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 devletlerin, kal\u0131c\u0131 olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 defalarca g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr<\/strong>. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de, siyasal alan\u0131n cemaatler ve kimlikler temelinde payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131sal zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sonucudur. Cumhuriyet\u2019in ulus-devlet tercihi, bu tecr\u00fcbenin bilin\u00e7li bir reddidir.<\/strong><\/p>\n Devlet, kimliklerin de\u011fil vatanda\u015flar\u0131n devletidir. Der Staat ist ein Staat der B\u00fcrger, nicht der Identit\u00e4ten. Identit\u00e4ten werden gesch\u00fctzt, Probleme werden gel\u00f6st, aber die Souver\u00e4nit\u00e4t wird nicht geteilt.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":282517,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[286],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-282516","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-yazarlar"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/282516","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=282516"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/282516\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":282518,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/282516\/revisions\/282518"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/282517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=282516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=282516"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=282516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nT\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n etnik, dinsel ya da mezhepsel kimliklerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak; ekonomik, sosyal, g\u00fcvenlik, sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim ve ya\u015fam sorunlar\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00fcretmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ulus-devlet yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, etnik, dinsel ya da mezhepsel sorunlar\u0131 ink\u00e2r etmeyi de\u011fil; tam tersine, ortak yurtta\u015fl\u0131k zemini i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6zmeyi esas al\u0131r.
\nAncak bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, ulus-devlet \u00e7er\u00e7evesi i\u00e7inde yer almak istemeyen; kendi etnik ve\/veya dinsel\u2013mezhepsel kimlikleri \u00fczerinden ayr\u0131 bir siyasal temsil alan\u0131 olu\u015fturmay\u0131 hedefleyen talepleri me\u015fru bir vatanda\u015fl\u0131k talebi olarak kabul etmez. Sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi ile egemenli\u011fin kimlikler \u00fczerinden payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fildir.<\/strong><\/p>\nEtnik S\u00f6ylemin Yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h3>\n
Avrupa Yan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131 ve Tarihsel Tecr\u00fcbe<\/h3>\n
\nKimlikler korunur, sorunlar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcr; ama, egemenlik b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"