{"id":281843,"date":"2026-01-23T07:51:37","date_gmt":"2026-01-23T07:51:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/?p=281843"},"modified":"2026-01-23T07:51:37","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T07:51:37","slug":"die-beziehungen-zwischen-der-turkei-und-syrien-vom-sam-fruhling-bis-zur-ara-ahmed-al-sara-golani-neu-lesen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/die-beziehungen-zwischen-der-turkei-und-syrien-vom-sam-fruhling-bis-zur-ara-ahmed-al-sara-golani-neu-lesen\/","title":{"rendered":"Vom Damaszener Fr\u00fchling zur \u00c4ra Ahmed al-Shara\/Golani: Die Beziehungen zwischen der T\u00fcrkei und Syrien neu lesen"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Suriye krizi, hi\u00e7bir zaman yaln\u0131zca \u201cotoriter bir rejime kar\u015f\u0131 halk ayaklanmas\u0131\u201d<\/strong> olarak okunamazd\u0131. En ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren bu co\u011frafyada ya\u015fanan \u015fey, uluslararas\u0131 sistemde de\u011fi\u015fen g\u00fc\u00e7 dengelerinin, yerel fay hatlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden yeniden kurulmas\u0131yd\u0131. Bug\u00fcn \u015eam\u2019da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tablo \u2013Heyet Tahrir el-\u015eam\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti kontrol etmesi, Golani\u2019nin devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve SDG\/YPG<\/strong>\u2019nin sahadan \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kalmas\u0131\u2013 bu uzun s\u00fcrecin yeni ama \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olmayan bir evresidir.<\/p>\n

Bu noktaya gelmeden \u00f6nce, haf\u0131zay\u0131 \u015eam Bahar\u0131na geri sarmak gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u015eam Bahar\u0131 ve Rasyonel Zemin<\/h3>\n

2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, Haf\u0131z Esad\u2019\u0131n \u00f6lmesi sonras\u0131nda Be\u015far Esad\u2019\u0131n, bir nevi zoraki iktidara geli\u015fiyle birlikte Suriye\u2019de g\u00f6rece bir yumu\u015fama d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Siyasal liberalle\u015fme beklentileri s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yd\u0131; ancak, d\u0131\u015f politikada pragmatik ve rasyonel bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m vard\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2013Suriye ili\u015fkileri bu d\u00f6nemde tarihinin en iyi seviyesine ula\u015ft\u0131. Vize muafiyetleri, ticaretin artmas\u0131yla, sembolik bir adland\u0131rma d\u00fczeyinde bile olsa, Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ndeki Schengen B\u00f6lgesi modeline at\u0131fla \u201c\u015eamgen\u201d<\/strong> olarak an\u0131lan bir b\u00f6lgesel entegrasyon projesi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bu yak\u0131nla\u015fma, yaln\u0131zca iki \u00fclkenin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na de\u011fil, b\u00f6lgesel istikrara da hizmet ediyordu. Ancak, bu zemin uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmad\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Suriye\u2019nin \u0130ran\u2019la kurdu\u011fu stratejik ittifak, \u00f6zellikle k\u00fcresel d\u00fczeyde ABD ve b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fc\u00e7ler d\u00fczeyinde \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan tolere edilebilir g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi. Rejim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi fikri tam da bu noktada devreye sokuldu.<\/p>\n

Rejim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Israr\u0131 ve \u00c7ifte Strateji<\/h3>\n

\u201cArap Bahar\u0131\u201d<\/strong> s\u00fcreci, Suriye \u00f6zelinde bir toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmden \u00e7ok, jeopolitik bir m\u00fcdahale alan\u0131 olarak kurguland\u0131. Laik\u2013Baas\u00e7\u0131 rejimin devrilmesi hedeflenirken, sahada iki ara\u00e7 ayn\u0131 anda kullan\u0131ld\u0131: \u0130slamc\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctler ve etnik temelli ayr\u0131\u015fma stratejileri.<\/p>\n

\u0130slamc\u0131 gruplar rejimi zay\u0131flatmak i\u00e7in; SDG\/YPG ise Suriye\u2019nin kuzeyinde merkezden kopuk, fiil\u00ee bir siyasal alan olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in desteklendi. \u201cI\u015e\u0130D\u2019le m\u00fccadele\u201d<\/strong> gerek\u00e7esiyle me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bu yap\u0131, zamanla Suriye\u2019nin toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc hedef alan \u00f6rt\u00fck bir \u00f6zerklik projesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu durum, T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan meselenin yaln\u0131zca Suriye i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, do\u011frudan ulusal g\u00fcvenlik meselesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

SDG\/YPG Denkleminin Da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada en dikkat \u00e7ekici geli\u015fmelerden biri, SDG\/YPG \u00fczerinden in\u015fa edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bu yap\u0131n\u0131n son derece k\u0131r\u0131lgan oldu\u011funun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131d\u0131r. ABD\u2019nin deste\u011fini \u00e7ekmesiyle birlikte, y\u0131llarca \u201csahadaki kara g\u00fcc\u00fc\u201d<\/strong> olarak sunulan yap\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede etkisizle\u015fmi\u015f, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir siyasal proje olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu tablo, \u00f6nemli bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi teyit etmektedir:
\nSDG\/YPG, yerel bir toplumsal mutabakat\u0131n de\u011fil, d\u0131\u015f destekli jeopolitik bir tasar\u0131m\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Destek ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, proje de da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cSuriye K\u00fcrdistan\u0131\u201d<\/strong> s\u00f6ylemi, sahada kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmam\u0131\u015f ve fiilen g\u00fcndemden d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Yeni D\u00f6nem ve Zorunlu Normalle\u015fme<\/h3>\n

Bug\u00fcn \u015eam\u2019da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yeni iktidar yap\u0131s\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2013Suriye ili\u015fkilerinin h\u0131zla normalle\u015fmesi, ideolojik bir yak\u0131nla\u015fmadan daha \u00e7ok jeopoliti\u011fin dayatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir zorunlulu\u011fun sonucudur. T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan art\u0131k \u00f6ncelik; s\u0131n\u0131r g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, Suriye\u2019nin toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve sahada muhatap al\u0131nabilecek merkezi bir otoritenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u015eam Bahar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan ama yar\u0131m kalan rasyonel ili\u015fki zemini, farkl\u0131 akt\u00f6rlerle de olsa yeniden kurulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7: De\u011fi\u015fen Akt\u00f6rler, De\u011fi\u015fmeyen Ger\u00e7ek<\/h3>\n

Suriye dosyas\u0131 bize \u015funu a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6stermektedir:<\/p>\n

Akt\u00f6rler de\u011fi\u015febilir, rejimler d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir; ancak co\u011frafya ve jeopolitik sabitler de\u011fi\u015fmez. T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in Suriye, ideolojik tercihlerle de\u011fil; devlet akl\u0131, g\u00fcvenlik dengeleri ve b\u00f6lgesel istikrar \u00fczerinden okunmas\u0131 gereken bir dosyad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Die im Damaszener Fr\u00fchling verpasste Chance k\u00f6nnte heute in anderer Form zur\u00fcckkehren. Die eigentliche Frage ist, ob die T\u00fcrkei dieses Mal in der Lage sein wird, eine dauerhafte und vern\u00fcnftige Syrien-Politik anstelle von kurzfristigen Projekten zu entwickeln.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Die im Damaszener Fr\u00fchling verpasste Chance k\u00f6nnte heute in anderer Form zur\u00fcckkehren. Die eigentliche Frage ist, ob die T\u00fcrkei dieses Mal in der Lage sein wird, eine dauerhafte und vern\u00fcnftige Syrien-Politik anstelle von kurzfristigen Projekten zu entwickeln.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":281844,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[286],"tags":[289],"class_list":{"0":"post-281843","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-yazarlar","8":"tag-manset"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/281843","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=281843"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/281843\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":281845,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/281843\/revisions\/281845"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/281844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=281843"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=281843"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=281843"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}