{"id":277393,"date":"2023-11-12T11:51:59","date_gmt":"2023-11-12T08:51:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/?p=277393"},"modified":"2024-11-07T22:04:05","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T22:04:05","slug":"cumhuriyet-modelinde-ortalama-gelir-10-kat-artti-turkiye-modelinde-iktidara-yakin-olan-kazanir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/cumhuriyet-modelinde-ortalama-gelir-10-kat-artti-turkiye-modelinde-iktidara-yakin-olan-kazanir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cIm republikanischen Modell hat sich das Durchschnittseinkommen verzehnfacht, im t\u00fcrkischen Modell gewinnt derjenige, der der Regierung nahesteht\u201d.\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u0131sa ad\u0131 T\u00dcSES olan T\u00fcrkiye Sosyal Ekonomik Siyasal Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Vakf\u0131, kurucular\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alan siyaset ve bilim insan\u0131 Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’y\u00fc \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 16. y\u0131l\u0131nda bir konferansla and\u0131.<\/p>\n

Fr\u0131edr\u0131ch Ebert St\u0131ftung Vakf\u0131’n\u0131n deste\u011fiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen “T\u00fcrkiye’nin Sosyal Ekonomik Siyasal Fay Hatlar\u0131” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 anma konferans\u0131 d\u00fcn \u0130stanbul’da yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Konferans T\u00dcSES Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Di\u015f Hekimi Celal Korkut Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ve \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’n\u00fcn ye\u011feni eski \u015ei\u015fli Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Hayri \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’n\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmalar\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

“Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131ktan vazge\u00e7ip tek adam anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na, rant\u00e7\u0131 siyasete esir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, konu\u015fmas\u0131nda T\u00dcSES’in 1989’da Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’n\u00fcn y\u00f6nlendirmesiyle kuruldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatt\u0131ktan sonra \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na dair k\u0131sa bilgi verdi.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131n konu\u015fmas\u0131nda ele\u015ftiri de vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Otoriter y\u00f6netimlere ve rant\u00e7\u0131 siyasete kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyenlerin baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da yerel y\u00f6netimde, sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda otoriter y\u00f6netimlerin benzer uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 yapmaktan \u00e7ekinmedi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, “Neden b\u00f6yle oluyor, sol bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye sahip olan siyasi akt\u00f6rler iktidar olduktan sonra neden kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131ktan vazge\u00e7ip tek adam anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na ve rant\u00e7\u0131 siyasete esir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor” dedi.<\/p>\n

“Temel sorun farkl\u0131 ideolojilere sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyenlerin ayn\u0131 zihniyete sahip olmalar\u0131” iddias\u0131nda bulunan Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc:<\/p>\n

“Ayn\u0131 zihniyetten kast\u0131m nedir sorusuna cevab\u0131m, temel de\u011ferlerden yoksunluk. Yani yasa tan\u0131mazl\u0131k, yolsuzluk, kibir, yalan s\u00f6ylemek, siyasi ve akraba korumac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, adalet duygusunun olmamas\u0131 genel bir kavramla ifade edersem siyaseti rant ve sosyal stat\u00fc i\u00e7in yapmak.”<\/p>\n

Hayri \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ise amcas\u0131 Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’y\u00fc siyaset\u00e7i y\u00f6n\u00fcyle de\u011fil bir bilim insan\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcyle anmak istedi\u011fini belirterek, ayn\u0131 zamanda iyi bir fizik\u00e7i oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u00dcS\u0130AD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Turan’dan ‘yarg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131’ uyar\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan konferans\u0131n “Ekonomi, B\u00fcy\u00fcme ve Sosyal Politikalar” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 birinci oturumunda ilk olarak s\u00f6z\u00fc T\u00dcS\u0130AD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Orhan Turan ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Son d\u00f6nemlerde Anayasa Mahkemesi ile Yarg\u0131tay aras\u0131ndaki gerilime dikkat \u00e7eken Turanl\u0131, “Ya\u015fanan tart\u0131\u015fmalarda, \u00fclkemizin, yarg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f insan haklar\u0131 hukukundan ve Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi standartlar\u0131ndan, telafisi g\u00fc\u00e7 \u015fekilde uzakla\u015fmas\u0131 riskini g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rmamal\u0131y\u0131z. Hukuk devletinin ve yarg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en sa\u011flam \u015fekilde yerle\u015fmesini temenni ediyoruz” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

“\u00dccretli kesim \u00f6nemli al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fc kayb\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Toplam i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc \u00f6demelerinin milli gelir i\u00e7inde 2019’da %31 olan pay\u0131, 2023 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 3. \u00e7eyre\u011fi itibariyle %28’e geriledi\u011fini kaydeden Turan, “2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 e\u015fitli\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc Gini katsay\u0131s\u0131 0,42’ye y\u00fckseldi. Bunlar, \u00fccretli kesimin enflasyonla birlikte, \u00f6nemli al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fc kayb\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor” \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

“Gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 10 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine g\u00f6re bozulmu\u015f durumda”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Enflasyonist ortamda sadece \u00fccretli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kesimin de\u011fil, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck esnaf\u0131n, \u00e7ift\u00e7inin ve emeklinin ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn de d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaydeden Turan, “Gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 10 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine k\u0131yasla daha bozulmu\u015f durumda. Gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndaki dengenin daha da bozuldu\u011fu s\u00fcre\u00e7ler, toplumdaki e\u015fitsizliklerin derinle\u015fmesine neden olur. Bu nedenle, e\u015fitsizlikleri ve adaletsizlikleri ortadan kald\u0131rmaya odakl\u0131 sosyal politikalar\u0131n, \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nem kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir zamanday\u0131z” diyerek s\u00f6zlerini bitirdi.<\/p>\n

“Sendikalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn iktidar\u0131n g\u00fcd\u00fcm\u00fcne girmesi emek hareketinin toplumsal rol\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yor”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Birinci oturumda Turan’la birlikte konu\u015facak olan D\u0130SK Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Arzu \u00c7erkezo\u011flu, mazereti nedeniyle kat\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konferansa g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi yaz\u0131l\u0131 mesajda mevcut iktidar d\u00f6neminde cumhuriyet tarihinin sosyal politikalara en yabanc\u0131 d\u00f6neminin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n

“Tamamen liberal iktisada dayal\u0131 iktisat politikalar\u0131 ile b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm krizi derinle\u015fiyor, gelir e\u015fitsizli\u011fi ve yoksulla\u015fma art\u0131yor. Sendikal hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin budanmas\u0131 ve sendikalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn siyasal iktidar\u0131n g\u00fcd\u00fcm\u00fcne girmesi nedeniyle emek hareketinin toplumsal rol\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kal\u0131yor. Bu \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda demokratik bir cumhuriyete, sosyal bir hukuk devletine her zamankinden daha \u00e7ok ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var.”<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

“T\u00fcrkiye’de ciddi bir at\u0131l i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc sorunu var”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcniversitesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Ay\u015fe Bu\u011fra ise konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde T\u00fcrkiye’de ciddi bir at\u0131l i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc sorununun oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekerek, “Nitelikli eleman bulma s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 var ama bunun yan\u0131nda da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu halde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayan ciddi bir at\u0131l n\u00fcfus var. Bu toplum genelinde y\u00fczde 40. Kad\u0131nlarda ise y\u00fczde 60’\u0131 buluyor. Bu oranlar OECD ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde” dedi.<\/p>\n

Esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00e7ok s\u0131k i\u015f de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi beraberinde getiriyor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sisteminin yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7eken Bu\u011fra, “\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fi de de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f durumda. Esnek istihdam modeli \u00e7ok s\u0131k i\u015f de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi de beraberinde getiriyor Bu i\u015f yeri aidiyetini zay\u0131flat\u0131yor i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131, sosyalle\u015fmeye, topluma kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor” dedi.<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde ortalama gelir 10 kat artt\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. \u015eevket Pamuk, T\u00fcrkiye’nin 100 y\u0131l \u00f6nce n\u00fcfusunun y\u00fczde 80’ni k\u0131rsalda olan bir \u00fclke iken bug\u00fcn bu oran\u0131n tersi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek, cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde ortalama gelirin 10 kat artt\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve gelir art\u0131\u015f oran\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fen \u00fclkelerin biraz \u00fcst\u00fcnde oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n

“15 y\u0131lda a\u011f\u0131r bir ahbap \u00e7avu\u015f kapitalizmi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131”<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’deki ekonomik iktisadi sorunlar\u0131n hepsinin son 15 y\u0131lda ba\u015flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hepsinin k\u00f6klerinin daha \u00f6ncesine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Pamuk, “Ancak bu sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu son 15 y\u0131lda a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131. Hep vard\u0131 ama son 15 y\u0131lda a\u011f\u0131r bir ahbap \u00e7avu\u015f kapitalizmi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131” iddias\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n

“Otoriterle\u015fme iktisadi geli\u015fmeyi getirmedi”<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’nin artan bir totaliterle\u015fme ile ekonomide a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fan sorunlar\u0131 bir arada ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Pamuk, \u015fu tespitlerde bulundu:<\/p>\n

“Artan otoriterle\u015fmenin iktisadi geli\u015fmeyi getirmedi\u011fini bir kez daha g\u00f6rd\u00fck. N\u00fcfusun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcnde de\u011fil. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n \u00f6nemi k\u0131sm\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck verimli hizmetler k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Son 60-70 y\u0131lda T\u00fcrkiye’de verimlilik art\u0131\u015f\u0131 her zaman yava\u015ft\u0131 ama son 15 y\u0131lda iyice yava\u015flad\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye’de i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck verimli hizmet a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Sanayinin ekonomi i\u00e7erisindeki yeri azalm\u0131yor da artm\u0131yor da. \u0130leri teknoloji ile aram\u0131z iyi de\u011fil. Standart teknolojileri ihra\u00e7 etmede ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131y\u0131z. Ama y\u00fcksek teknolojilere bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc ge\u00e7emiyoruz.”<\/p>\n

“Hukuk ekonomiye de laz\u0131m”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ekonominin \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli noktan\u0131n hukuk devleti ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z medya oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Pamuk, “Hukuk ekonomiye de laz\u0131m. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yarg\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde ekonomide olmaz. Son 15 y\u0131ld\u0131r in\u015faat d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki yat\u0131r\u0131mlarda ciddi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Bu benim de\u011ferlendirmelerime g\u00f6re hukukla ilgilidir” dedi.<\/p>\n

“Devletin ekonomideki rol\u00fcn\u00fc azaltmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kalmaya ba\u015flad\u0131”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ekonomi i\u00e7in devlet m\u00fcdahalecili\u011fini gerekli g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirten Pamuk, 1960’lardan itibaren yayg\u0131nla\u015fan ekonomide devletin rol\u00fcn\u00fc azaltmay\u0131 savunan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kalmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek bu trendin T\u00fcrkiye’yi de etkileyece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

“T\u00fcrkiye modelinde iktidara yak\u0131n olanlar kazan\u0131r”<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’de devlet m\u00fcdahalecili\u011finin de yanl\u0131\u015f uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcren Pamuk, “\u015e\u00f6yle bir izlenim \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye modelinde devlete yak\u0131n olanlar ba\u015far\u0131 kazan\u0131r. \u0130ktidara yak\u0131n olmalar\u0131 yeterli. B\u00fct\u00fcn firmalar i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle bir model olu\u015fturdu. Biz bunun de\u011fi\u015fmesini daha farkl\u0131 bir anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n yerle\u015fmesinden s\u00f6z ediyoruz” dedi ve s\u00f6yle bir uyar\u0131da bulundu:<\/p>\n

“Devlet m\u00fcdahalecili\u011finin daha etkili olabilmesi i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z medya ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yarg\u0131 gerekli. Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 etkin bir devlet m\u00fcdahalesi olmad\u0131k\u00e7a T\u00fcrkiye iktisadi geli\u015fim sorununu a\u015famaz.”<\/p>\n

“Enflasyondaki gerileme ciddi bir durgunluk getirecek”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alt\u0131nba\u015f \u00dcniversitesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Hayri Kozano\u011flu, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcre\u00e7te enflasyonda bir miktar gerileme olabilece\u011fini ama bunun ciddi bir durgunluk getirece\u011fi ve t\u00fcketimi geriletece\u011fini bunun da beraberinde i\u015fsizlik getirece\u011fini belirterek, “\u00c7ok derin bir ekonomik krizden bahsedilemeyecekse de \u00e7ok ciddi bir toplumsal huzursuzlu\u011fa girece\u011fimizi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum” iddias\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u0131sa ad\u0131 T\u00dcSES olan T\u00fcrkiye Sosyal Ekonomik Siyasal Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Vakf\u0131, kurucular\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alan siyaset ve bilim insan\u0131 Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’y\u00fc \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 16. y\u0131l\u0131nda bir konferansla and\u0131. Fr\u0131edr\u0131ch Ebert St\u0131ftung Vakf\u0131’n\u0131n deste\u011fiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen “T\u00fcrkiye’nin Sosyal Ekonomik Siyasal Fay Hatlar\u0131” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 anma konferans\u0131 d\u00fcn \u0130stanbul’da yap\u0131ld\u0131. Konferans T\u00dcSES Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Di\u015f Hekimi Celal Korkut Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ve \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’n\u00fcn ye\u011feni […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":277909,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,2],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-277393","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-ekonomi","8":"category-gundem"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=277393"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":278748,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277393\/revisions\/278748"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/277909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=277393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=277393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halkweb.com.tr\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=277393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}